1. The Journey of Thinking Machines: A Short History of AI

According to the essay, what is the central idea behind Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
1. To make computers faster and more expensive.
2. To make computers think and learn like humans.
3. To replace human jobs in every industry.
4. To create a history of big dreams and hard problems.
The essay states that the field of AI was officially named in the 1950s. What two key events from that decade are mentioned?
1. The invention of the personal computer and the creation of "Big Data."
2. The development of "Expert Systems" and the end of the "AI winter."
3. The creation of the Turing Test and the Dartmouth College conference.
4. The rise of "Machine Learning" and the use of AI in smartphones.
What was the primary cause of the period known as the "AI winter"?
1. Progress slowed because computers were slow and problems were harder than expected.
2. Scientists lost interest and decided to work on other projects instead.
3. A real winter storm damaged the laboratories of key AI researchers.
4. The public was no longer interested in self-driving cars or speech recognition.
How does the "Machine Learning" of the 21st century primarily differ from the "Expert Systems" of the 1980s?
1. Machine Learning is slower but more accurate than Expert Systems.
2. Machine Learning learns from data, while Expert Systems used human-written rules.
3. Expert Systems used Big Data, while Machine Learning did not require computers.
4. Expert Systems could understand speech, but Machine Learning cannot.
Based on information in the final paragraph, the rapid growth of modern AI is largely due to what two factors?
1. The Turing Test and John McCarthy's leadership.
2. The end of the "AI winter" and a rise in public interest.
3. The success of Expert Systems in medical fields.
4. Incredibly fast computers and the availability of huge amounts of data (Big Data).