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97. The Great Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-Apartheid activist,
human rights advocate, whose life had a profound
on American culture. Mandela served as president of
Africa from 1994 through 1999, but his story
decades earlier. His life’s work was to bring
Africa into mainstream 20th Century thinking by ending
.
Apartheid was a system of South African government
was based on racial segregation between the minority
population and black South Africans. It was a
form of government that was in effect from
to 1994, and caused great social turmoil. The
was put into place following World War II,
racial segregation began much earlier in the country.
separated South Africans by race by placing people
four classifications: white, black, coloured, and Indian. Each
had different levels of privilege, with white South
being the most favored.
From 1960 to 1983,
.5 million black South Africans were forcibly removed from
homes; in 1970, all non-white politicians were removed
government. Mandela’s move to end Apartheid began in
when he supported, and organized non-violent boycotts, strikes,
civil disobedience. He was arrested, and charged with
in 1956 for his role in the social
, and was eventually jailed for 27 years. During
time, most of the countries in the world
for his release, and placed trade embargos against
white regime.
The country finally gave in to
pressure, and released Mandela. He became an international
for peaceful demonstration, and for his humanitarian work
perseverance. He was elected President of South Africa
1994, serving for six years. Mandela died in
, 2013.
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